Which distance is measured?
A fine probe measures the distance from the gum margin to the accessible base of the space. This is the probing depth, not a direct measure of bone loss.
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What does the probe measure at the gums?
A periodontal pocket is a deepened space between a tooth and the gum. Probing depth describes the distance measured there. It is an important clinical measurement but cannot alone diagnose periodontitis or determine its severity.
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The measurement is beside the tooth
A fine probe is gently guided alongside the tooth. It measures the distance from the gum margin to the accessible base of the space.
Depth is one part of the findings
Deepened pockets can indicate disease. Bleeding, gum recession and the condition of the surrounding bone also matter in assessing them.
Screening and detailed assessment
The Periodontal Screening Index (PSI) gives an initial overview. Unusual results may require a more detailed periodontal examination and, where appropriate, X-rays.
At a glance
What does a deeper reading mean?
It may indicate disease, but is not enough for a diagnosis on its own. Bleeding, gum recession and other findings must also be considered.
How is an unusual reading investigated?
Initial screening may be followed by a detailed periodontal assessment. Individual measurement sites are recorded, with X-rays included if needed.
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Often confused
Pocket or gum recession?
A pocket is a deepened space. Gum recession describes a change in the position of the gum margin. Both can occur together, but are not the same thing.
Quick answers
Is pocket depth the same as bone loss?
No. The probe measures a distance from the gum margin. Whether bone has been lost, and how much, is assessed using further findings.
Can I measure my own pockets?
This is part of a dental examination. Accurate measurement needs suitable instruments, a controlled technique and professional interpretation.
What is the difference between PSI and full periodontal charting?
PSI is an initial screening assessment. If findings warrant it, individual teeth and measurement sites are examined and recorded in more detail.
At the practice
For your consultation
A question to discuss with Dr. med. dent. Niusha Barahmand Pour:
What do the pocket measurements mean alongside the other findings, and what are the next steps?
Dr. Barahmand Pour discusses findings and treatment options personally, with long-term tooth preservation as an important consideration.
We explain what pocket measurements mean in the context of your gum examination.
Have your gums examinedChoose an appointment on DoctolibLearning for dental trainees & teamsUnderstand clinical terms and build your knowledge
Build on the simple explanation with clinical terms, key distinctions and a knowledge question.
- Probing depth
- The measured distance from the gum margin to the base of the space beside the tooth that the probe can reach.
- Recession
- Movement of the gum margin towards the tooth root. Root surfaces may become exposed.
- Periodontal Screening Index (PSI)
- An initial screen for possible disease of the tooth-supporting tissues, not a full periodontal assessment.
Know the difference
Probing depth and bone loss are different measurements. Diagnosis considers the gum margins, bleeding and, where appropriate, X-ray findings together.
Sources for further learning
Sources and context
Editorial research: 22 October 2026. This explanation covers general principles and does not replace a personal examination. Suitable treatment is discussed following individual assessment.