What does it show?
An overview of teeth and large parts of both jaws.
← All explanationsOrthopantomogram / OPG
What does a panoramic dental X-ray show?
An orthopantomogram, or OPG, is a two-dimensional panoramic X-ray. It provides an overview of the teeth and large parts of both jaws. It may help answer questions about eruption or tooth positions. It is taken only when justified by the specific diagnostic question.
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An overview in one image
During an OPG, the machine moves around the head. Teeth and jaws appear in a shared two-dimensional overview, not a true three-dimensional model.
An overview has limits
Overlapping structures and magnification can hide detail. A targeted image may be better suited to individual roots or particular decay questions.
The question determines the image
Symptoms, examination findings and existing images are considered first. The aim is diagnostically useful imaging with the lowest necessary radiation exposure.
At a glance
Who may benefit?
People with a suitable specific diagnostic question.
What comes first?
History, examination and consideration of existing images.
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Often confused
OPG or CBCT?
An OPG gives a two-dimensional overview. CBCT provides three-dimensional sectional data for selected questions. More dimensions do not automatically mean greater benefit.
Quick answers
Is an OPG needed at every check-up?
No. X-rays are not taken simply by a fixed calendar. Examination and a specific diagnostic question determine whether an image is needed and which type.
Does it show every cavity?
No. Some areas overlap and small changes may not be visible. Clinical examination or a more targeted X-ray can help with particular questions.
Is digital radiography radiation-free?
No. Digital X-rays also use ionising radiation. The technique and settings are adapted to the examination; existing images can prevent unnecessary repeats.
At the practice
For your consultation
A question to discuss with Dr. med. dent. Niusha Barahmand Pour:
Which specific question would this image answer, and might existing images already be sufficient?
Symptoms, examination findings and personal wishes form the basis of individual treatment planning.
Existing X-rays can be helpful when discussing examination findings.
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- Panoramic radiograph
- Another name for an OPG.
- Superimposition
- Structures at different depths overlap in a two-dimensional image.
- Justification
- The professional decision that the expected benefit of an X-ray outweighs its radiation risk.
Know the difference
Panoramic geometry produces position-dependent magnification and distortion. Sizes and distances cannot therefore be measured as directly as on a physical model.
Sources and context
Editorial research: 23 October 2026. This explanation covers general principles and does not replace a personal examination. Suitable treatment is discussed following individual assessment.